Hypoglycemia

Overview

Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar drops below normal levels (typically below 70 mg/dL). It most commonly occurs in people with diabetes who take insulin or certain medications, but can also occur in people without diabetes (reactive hypoglycemia, fasting hypoglycemia). Symptoms range from mild discomfort to severe neurological impairment, and prolonged severe hypoglycemia can be life-threatening.

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

• Shakiness
• Sweating
• Rapid heartbeat
• Hunger
• Irritability or mood changes
• Anxiety
• Confusion or difficulty concentrating
• Blurred vision
• Dizziness
• In severe cases: seizures, loss of consciousness

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, medical history, blood tests, and appropriate imaging studies. A healthcare provider will assess symptoms, order relevant laboratory work, and may refer to a specialist for confirmation.

Treatments

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity. Options may include medication, lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, stress management), and ongoing monitoring. Always work with a qualified healthcare provider to develop an appropriate treatment plan.