Diverticulitis

Overview

Diverticulitis occurs when small, bulging pouches (diverticula) that form in the lining of the colon become inflamed or infected. Having diverticula without symptoms is called diverticulosis and is common with age. When these pouches become inflamed, it causes abdominal pain (usually on the lower left side), fever, and changes in bowel habits. Most cases are mild and treated with antibiotics and dietary changes, but severe cases can cause complications requiring surgery.

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

• Pain in the lower left abdomen (usually constant and lasting several days)
• Fever
• Nausea and vomiting
• Constipation or, less commonly, diarrhea
• Bloating and gas
• Changes in bowel habits
• Blood in stool (in some cases)

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, medical history, blood tests, and appropriate imaging studies. A healthcare provider will assess symptoms, order relevant laboratory work, and may refer to a specialist for confirmation.

Treatments

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity. Options may include medication, lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, stress management), and ongoing monitoring. Always work with a qualified healthcare provider to develop an appropriate treatment plan.