Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Overview

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) occurs when the valves in the leg veins don't work properly, allowing blood to pool in the legs instead of flowing back to the heart. This leads to increased pressure in the veins, causing swelling, pain, skin changes, and sometimes leg ulcers. CVI is common and often underdiagnosed, affecting up to 40% of adults to some degree.

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

• Swelling in the legs or ankles (worse after standing)
• Aching or heaviness in the legs
• Varicose veins
• Skin discoloration (brownish patches)
• Itching or tingling
• Leg cramps, especially at night
• Venous ulcers (sores, usually near the ankle)
• Restless legs

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, medical history, blood tests, and appropriate imaging studies. A healthcare provider will assess symptoms, order relevant laboratory work, and may refer to a specialist for confirmation.

Treatments

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity. Options may include medication, lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, stress management), and ongoing monitoring. Always work with a qualified healthcare provider to develop an appropriate treatment plan.