Alzheimer's Disease

Overview

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease where abnormal protein deposits (amyloid plaques and tau tangles) accumulate in the brain, leading to the death of brain cells. Symptoms begin gradually with memory problems and worsen over time, eventually affecting all aspects of daily functioning. While there is no cure, early diagnosis allows for planning and treatments that can temporarily slow progression.

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

• Early: forgetting recent conversations or events, misplacing items, repeating questions
• Difficulty with planning, organizing, and problem-solving
• Getting lost in familiar places
• Difficulty finding the right words
• Changes in mood or personality
• Withdrawal from social activities
• Later: difficulty with daily tasks (dressing, bathing), confusion about time and place, changes in sleep, personality changes, difficulty swallowing

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, medical history, blood tests, and appropriate imaging studies. A healthcare provider will assess symptoms, order relevant laboratory work, and may refer to a specialist for confirmation.

Treatments

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity. Options may include medication, lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, stress management), and ongoing monitoring. Always work with a qualified healthcare provider to develop an appropriate treatment plan.